Sunday, November 22, 2009

Adventure peak


The Lost Paradise


Bhutan



It is Known to the natives as Druk Yul (The land of the Thunder Dragon). Bhutan is regarded as the last paradise on Earth. It is isolation, spectacular mountains varied flora and fauna, ancient Buddhist monasteries, vibrant culture and mystic aura have made it so. It is small in size. The kingdom's topography is one of the dramatic contrasts from the near-tropical southern border with India at an altitude of 300m,the land rises to culminate in the over 7000m peaks of the Himalaya in the North. Which from a natural frontier with Tibetan region of Bhutan's Northern neighbors China. The capital of Bhutan is Thimpu. There are many places to see in Bhutan, these are: Memorial Chorten (dedicated to the late king Jingme Dorji Wangchuk), Traditional medicine Hospital, Paro and other places like: Bumthang, Thongsa, Punakha etc. Access: Druk Air (The Bhutan's Airlines) operates flights to Paro from Bangkok, Kolkata, Dhaka, New Delhi and Kathmandu also. The overland entry point is in the Indian state of West Bengal into Phuntsholing in the south west Bhutan. Phuntsholing is four hour drive from Gangtok (sikkim) and Darjeeling. The drive from Phuntsholing to Thimpu takes six hours. Tariff: Tourism Authority of Bhutan (TAB) has set minimum tariff which are different for high and low seasons. Individuals and group of less then four persons must pay sur-charge. The rates are the same for both cultural tours and treks. Seasons: March to May and September to November are the high season months. While June /July and December- February comprise the low season. During summer maximum 30 degrees Celsius and in winter minimum 1.1 degrees celsius. Adventures: Trekking, Tour and Mountain Biking Accommodation: Modern hotels are available in Thimpu, The outlying areas have comfortable resorts and lodge.

Queen of the Hills


Darjeeling
Darjeeling is a town in the Indian state of West Bengal and centre of the region of the same name, situated in the foothills of the Himalaya at elevations of between 2,000 and 3,000 metres above sea level. With India attaining independence on 15 August 1947, the district of Darjeeling remained in the partitioned section of Bengal (West Bengal) and therefore in the Indian union. With the district's sub-Himalayan and geographical condition, it occupied an unique status in the state. The only remaining industry, that is the Tea industry, continued to play a major role in the economy of the area and the country as well. The other natural wealth forests have been adversely affected by the ever growing population, now estimated to be around 1,200,000. In the years since independence, much has been done for the area's education, communication, attention to cash crops like orange, potato, cardamom, ginger, etc. The region is best known for its tea, see the Darjeeling tea article for more information. Darjeerling has a modest tourism industry, with attractions including the 'Tiger Hill' sunrise, the zoo, the monastery and of course the tea fields. The town is also sometimes used as a base by trekkers in the Himalaya, and served as the starting point for many attempts on Indian and Nepali peaks in the 20th century. Tenzing Norgay, one of the two men to first climb Mt. Everest grew up in the Sherpa community in Darjeeling. His Everest ascent provided the impetus to establish the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute in Darjeeling in 1954. The town of Darjeeling can be reached by the 80-km long Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (nicknamed the "Toy Train") from Siliguri, or by a road which follows the railway line. The railway was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1999. Darjeeling Himalayan Railway is only the second railway to have this honor after the Semmering Railway in Austria. Since the formation of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council in 1988 the hill areas fall under its jurisdiction. It has elected Councilors and they have the authority in managing certain affairs of the hill like education, tourism, health etc. History of DajeelingUntil the beginning of the 18th century the whole of the area between the present borders of Sikkim and the plains of Bengal, including Darjeeling and Kalimpong, belonged to the rajas of Sikkim. In 1706 they lost Kalimpong to the Bhutanese, and control of the remainder was wrested from them by the Gurkhas who invaded Sikkim in 1780, following consolidation of the latter's rule in Nepal. These annexations by the Gurkhas, however, brought them into conflict with the British East India Company. A series of wars were fought between the two parties, eventually leading to the defeat of the Gurkhas and the ceding of all the land they had taken from the Sikkimese to the East India Company. Part of this territory was restored to the rajas of Sikkim and the country's sovereignty guaranteed by the British in return for British control over any disputes which arose with neighbouring states. One such dispute in 1828 led to the dispatch of two British officers to this area, and it was during their fact-finding tour that they spent some time at Darjeeling (then called Dorje Ling - Place of the Thunderbolt - after the lama who founded the monastery which once stood on Observatory Hill). The officers were quick to appreciate Darjeeling's value as a site for a sanatorium and hill station, and as the key to a pass into Nepal and Tibet. The officers' observations were reported to the authorities in Kolkata and a pretext was eventually found to pressure the raja into granting the site to the British in return for an annual stipend of Rs 3000 (raised to Rs 6000 in 1846).

The Hidden Paradise


sikkim
Sikkim is sandwiched between the kingdom of Nepal in the West and Bhutan in the East, Tibet in the North and the state of West Bengal in the South. With an area of 7,300 sq. kms, measuring 115 kms from north to south and 65 kms. From East to West, the elevation ranging from 244 mts to over 8550 mts., above sea level, approximately latitude of 27 degree North and longitude of 88 degree East. This small state belies its richness of culture, customs, heritage, flora and fauna. Sikkim, once a protectorate of India with a monarchy government but metamorphosed as the 22nd state of the Indian Union in the year 1975. The population of the state is only 4,20,000 as per the last census. Amidst the grandeur of the mountain peaks, lush green valleys cascading waterfalls and fast flowing rivers, beautiful monasteries and terraced hills, Sikkim offers her visitor a rare and exotic experience. History of SikkimThe original inhabitants were the Lepchas or the “raven folks” who came to the area from Assam and Burma. From the 1200’s the Bhutias or the Tibetan people moved into Sikkim. They included the Namgyal clan who arrived in the 1400’s and gradually won political control over Sikkim. In 1642, Phintsok Namgyal (1604-1670) became the first Chogyal (King). He presided over a social system based on Tibetan Lamaistic Buddhism. His descendents ruled Sikkim for more than 330 years. During the 1700’s Sikkim suffered massive invasion from Nepal and Bhutan and lost much territory as a result. The Nepalese also migrated to Sikkim and settled as farmers. By the 1800’s Sikkim’s population was very mixed, and internal conflict resulted. Sikkim assisted the British in a successful war against Nepal in the year1814-1815 and won back some of its land. The British India Company purchased the health resort of Darjeeling from Sikkim. During the mid 1800’s, Sikkim violently resisted attempts to bring it under British Rule, but in 1861 it finally became a protectorate. The British had assess to Tibet through Sikkim, and Sikkim’s independent status was recognized. The Indian government took responsibility of Sikkim’s external affairs, defense and communication of Sikkim in the year 1950. In 1973, India took Sikkim into the union as an associate member. In 1975, Sikkim

Roof of the world.

Tibet

Roof of the world suggest not only Tibet's greatest altitude but also the isolation, which has contributed to the creation of its unique culture. It's lofty perch high above the hurly-burly of the lowlands has shaped its other-worldly attitudes and discouraged even hardy colonists from establishing a foothold.At an average elevation of 5000m (15,000)ft above sea level, a vast high desert plateau hemmed by the two rages of the world's highest mountains, the principal geographic determinants which have shaped the Tibetans are those of the desert. Austerity, pragmatism, tenacity, independence, piety, diligence, cohesive families, xenophobia, occasional fierceness, taciturnity and shyness are the qualities and values, which have resulted. Geographically Tibet can be divided into three parts; the East, the South and the North. The Eastern part is forest region, which occupies around 25% of Tibet. The Southern part is open grassland occupying almost a half of Tibet. The Southern and Central region is an agricultural region occupying the rest of Tibet as well as containing all the major cities Lhasa, Gyantse, Shigatse, Gantse, and Tsedang. This area is also considered as the cultural center of Tibet and Buddhism. To the world's Hindus and Buddhists, Mt Kailash the high, remote western borderland of Tibet is the center of the universe, the holiest of holy. It definitely looks the part, rising like lone apparitions form the windswept alpine grassland that encircles it on all sides. On its immaculate white 22,000-foot summit legend says, the Worlds of Humankind and Gods meet.

Nepal



Nepal

Nepal is a sovereign independent Asian country, lies between 80.4' and 88.12' East longitude and 26.22' and 30.27' North altitude. It is bounded on the North by Tibet Antonymous Region of the China, on the East by Sikkim and West Bengal of the Indian Union, on the South by Indian State of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh and on the West by Uttar Pradesh of the Indian Union. The length of the country is 885 Kilometers East-West and the breath varies from 145 to 241 kilometers North-South. Climatically it lies in the temperate zone with the added advantage of altitude. Except for some exceptions, there are seldom less than 1220 meters above the sea level. Nepal can be divided into three main Geographical regions. The Himalayan Region is the altitude range between 4877 meters to 8848 meters. The Mountain Region account for about 64 percent of the total land area. It is formed by the Mahabharat range that soars up to 4877 meters. Churia Range (altitude varies from 610 meters to 1524 meters) lies in the South. The Terai Region is the low-land region which has width of about 26 to 32 kilometers and the altitude maximum of 305 meters occupies about 17 percent of the total land of the country. Kachanakawal, the lowest point of the country with an altitude of 70 meters in Jhapa District of Eastern Terai.